Gambian News
President Barrow's Marginalization of Mandinka and Jola Tribes in Security Sectors: An Analysis Lamin E Kujabi In recent years, President Adama Barrow of The Gambia has faced criticism for his perceived marginalization of the Mandinka and Jola tribes within the country's security sectors. This trend is particularly evident in the recent appointments and promotions within the army, where the elevation of individuals from the Fula and Wolof tribes—both minority groups relative to the Mandinka in terms of population—has sparked concerns about the equitable representation and meritocracy in government and military appointments. Shifts in Police Leadership The most conspicuous instance of this trend is observed in the leadership of the Gambian Police . While the nominal head of the army is from the Mandinka tribe, a closer inspection reveals that all his key assistants are Fulas. This pattern of exclusion extends to other high-ranking positions within the army, which have increasingly been occupied by Fulas and Wolofs, sidelining the Mandinkas and Jolas, who traditionally make up the majority within the armed forces. This shift not only disrupts the balance of power within the army but also raises questions about the criteria used for these appointments. The perceived favoritism towards certain tribes over others has the potential to sow discord and diminish the morale of the sidelined personnel, thereby affecting the overall efficiency and unity of the military. Broader Trends in Security Departments The marginalization extends beyond the army to other security departments as well. In several key security institutions, Mandinkas and Jolas are notably absent from influential positions. This underrepresentation contrasts starkly with their significant presence in the general population and suggests a deliberate strategy to limit their influence within these crucial sectors. Political Dynamics in the State House The pattern of exclusion is also evident in the political sphere, particularly among President Barrow's close circle of trusted politicians and advisors within the State House. These positions are predominantly occupied by individuals from tribes other than the Mandinka and Jola, further exacerbating feelings of alienation and marginalization among these communities. Historical Context and Future Implications This strategy of tribal exclusion is not unprecedented in Gambian politics. Former President Yahya Jammeh was notorious for employing similar tactics, manipulating tribal dynamics to consolidate his power. The long-term consequences of Jammeh's tribalization of the army are still being felt today, particularly among those who benefited from such divisive policies. Looking ahead, the post-Barrow era is likely to witness a reactionary shift, where tribes that feel marginalized under Barrow's administration may seek to reclaim their positions. This could lead to accusations of witch hunts and further deepen tribal divisions within the security services and beyond. A Call for Merit-Based Appointments To prevent further polarization and to ensure stability and fairness, it is imperative that President Barrow bases his appointments on merit, reflecting the true diversity of The Gambia's population. Each tribe should be represented proportionally, ensuring that all citizens feel their contributions and capabilities are recognized and valued. By adopting a more inclusive and meritocratic approach, Barrow could mitigate the risks of tribalism and foster a more cohesive and effective government and military. Such measures are crucial not only for the immediate health of Gambian institutions but also for the long-term unity and prosperity of the nation. Conclusion The current trends under President Barrow's administration indicate a troubling marginalization of the Mandinka and Jola tribes in favor of the Fulas and Wolofs within key security and political positions. This approach risks exacerbating tribal tensions and undermining the effectiveness of the country's security services. A shift towards merit-based appointments that reflect the nation's diverse demographic makeup is essential to ensure equitable representation and maintain stability in The Gambia.
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Switzerland’s top criminal court has sentenced Ousman Sonko, a former interior minister of The Gambia, to 20 years in prison for crimes against humanity.
In its verdict on Wednesday, the Federal Criminal Court in Bellinzona, southern Switzerland, said Sonko was guilty of intentional homicide, torture and false imprisonment during former President Yahya Jammeh’s 22-year rule over the country.
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The charges against Sonko, who served as interior minister from 2006 to 2016, covered alleged crimes during 16 years under Jammeh, who was removed from power in 2017.
Swiss prosecutors had accused Sonko, who was acquitted of rape charges, of supporting, participating in and failing to stop attacks against opponents in The Gambia. The charges included nine counts of crimes against humanity.
Sonko, who was in the courtroom, applied for asylum in Switzerland in November 2016 and was arrested two months later.
The trial started in January. The 55-year-old may appeal the verdict.
Rights groups welcomed the ruling, obtained under “universal jurisdiction”, which allows countries to prosecute alleged crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide regardless of where they were committed.
Philip Grant, executive director of TRIAL International, said on X that it sent a “resounding message against impunity”. The advocacy group had filed the complaint that led to Sonko’s arrest.
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